澳洲代写论文：全球化的两个阶段
全球化的两个阶段之间的相似之处如下——没有阻碍全球经济事务的情况下,支持技术的增长,增长形式的产业和制造业组织和权威或霸权。四个十年期间1870年至1913年之间,自由表现没有限制跨国界的经济交易(威廉姆森,2002:55 – 85)。1913年之后的三个十年时期被独裁的特征和战争时期见证了进步的约束和障碍对全球经济事务。二十世纪下半年放松管制是全球化(Korukonda 2006:21-30)紧随其后。贸易自由化和金融自由化导致贸易扩张和外国投资是这一时期的特点。
全球化的另一个主要的阶段之间的相似性是通讯和交通行业的技术革命,在较小的时间和成本相应地连接地理位置(Balassa 1961:125 – 134)。19世纪的第二部分是特点是发明的铁路、轮船,和电报,而相同的20世纪看到黎明的一部分电脑、飞机和卫星。
在这两个阶段的新兴形式工业化扮演了非常重要的角色在推动全球化。工业化是标有一开始大规模生产和机械化的高水平(赫斯特,汤普森&布罗姆利,2009:34-37)。在20世纪的后半部分,灵活的系统生产组织被迫选择投资和贸易来驱动他们的业务通过边界。
全球化的时代之间的显著差异是关于贸易流,FDI(外国直接投资)流动,金融和劳动力流动。1870年和1913年之间的时期有很大一部分跨部门贸易和国际贸易。
澳洲代写论文：全球化的两个阶段
The similarities between the two phases of globalisation are as follows – the absence of the barriers to global economic transactions, the growth of supporting technologies, growing forms of industries and manufacturing organizations and authority or supremacy. The four decade period between 1870 and 1913 was marked by laissez fare with no limitations on economic dealings across the borders (Williamson, 2002:55-85). The three decade period after 1913 was characterised by autarchy and war and the period witnessed the progressive constraints and barriers with regard to global economic transactions. The second half of the twentieth century deregulation was followed by globalisation (Korukonda, 2006:21-30). Trade liberalisation and finance liberalisation which led to trade expansion and foreign investment were the characteristics of this period.
The other main similarity between both the phases of globalisation was that there was a technological revolution in the industries of communication and transport, which correspondingly connected geographical locations in lesser time and cost (Balassa, 1961:125-134). The second part of the 19th century was characterised by inventions like that of the railway, steamship, and telegraph while the same part of the 20th century saw the dawn of computers, aircrafts and satellites.
In both the phases the emergent forms of industrialisation played a significant role in driving globalisation. Industrialisation was marked with the beginning of mass production and mechanization at high levels (Hirst, Thompson & Bromley, 2009:34-37). In the latter part of the 20th century, the flexible system of production forced organizations to choose between investment and trade to drive their business through borders.
The significant differences between the eras of globalisation were with regard to trade flow, FDI (Foreign Direct Investment) flow, financial and labour flow. The period between 1870 and 1913 had a large portion of inter-sectoral trade and international trade.