Another popular and most commonly pursued strategy pertains to hedging of the risk of the portfolio through the application of derivatives. Derivatives refer to the contracts whose value is derived from the value of the underlying asset, from which the derivative contract is created. The basic classifications of derivatives are:
- Forwards,
- Futures,
- Options,
- Swaps.
These are the very basic derivatives and several complicated products have been made from them. These derivatives can be applied to hedge the risks of the portfolio by taking an opposite position in the derivatives market to the position that has been established in the asset market. As an example, an investor who is long a stock in the stock market can hedge it by taking a short position in the derivatives market. Thus if the investor looses in the stock market, the loss is partly offset by the gain in the position in the derivatives market which reduces the risk of the investor.
另一种流行的和最常用的追求的战略涉及对冲投资组合的风险通过衍生产品的应用。衍生品是指合同的价值是来自相关资产的价值，从中衍生合约的产生。衍生金融工具的基本分类：
•向前，
•期货，
•选项，
•互换。
这些都是很基本的衍生物和一些复杂的产品已由他们。这些衍生物可以应用于以衍生品市场的相对位置，已在资产市场确立了地位，对冲投资组合的风险。作为一个例子，一个投资者长在股票市场上股票可以对冲，以在衍生品市场的空头头寸。因此，如果投资者在股票市场上的损失，损失是由在衍生品市场，降低了投资者的风险收益部分抵消的位置。
