China is the second largest economy in the world and unquestionably one of the fastest economies in the world, yet it is a developing country and characteristically accessing to official data of banks and SMEs will not easy. The issue of financing has turned out to be the major worry for SMEs in China and duly the issue has come out as a burning policy issue for the government in the country. In the case of China, on the one hand the country has less informational openness due to being a developing country, and on the other hand, due strict regulation under one-part regime restricts easy accessibility of the data. Therefore, this study will examine the structure and access of financing in SMES in China. The study will come out with the result as whether SMEs financing share is positively related to share of small and merged banks in the country; and further whether SMEs financing share is positively related to high share of foreign banks in the country. This will assist the policy makers in China to reform financing policy and structure in China.
Europe has always been considered the land of splendid beauty and serenity. Tourists from across the world come to see the snowcapped mountains of Switzerland, Royal heritage of U.K., cultural heritage of France and Italy etc. The fifteen European Union member countries are the biggest contributors to the world tourism. Approximately, 80 percent of the tourists coming to EU countries hail from within Europe (Mello et.al). However, in the last few years, the overall demand of tourism in EU has been on a downfall. Tourism in EU has shown a decline in the annual growth with fall in the number of trips made and night spent in hotels across all categories. People started looking cheaper accommodation options like paying guests or staying up with relatives or friends. Only domestic holiday trips showed a slight rise of 0.3 percent as compared to that in the year of 2009 (Tourism Statistics,2011). The second half of the year 2010 was relatively better with improved demand of foreign trips. During recession, people preferred taking breaks to domestic locations and therefore domestic trips grew faster. However, 2010 onwards, tourists have started preferring international trips again. Another factor that has resulted in decline in demand for tourism services is the surcharge being charged by airline companies because of the oil price hike. European Union is considered to be safer than other destinations because of political stability and internal peace and better governance. Overall, the tourism industry in EU is on the recovery track but with a low expansion rate. Industry experts are expecting a good business in near future. Tourism industry is interconnected with the hospitality industry. If the tourism industry will benefit with the changing economic scenario then the demand for hospitality services will automatically increase.
中国是世界上毫无疑问是世界上发展最快的经济体之一的第二大经济体，但它是一个发展中的国家和典型的访问银行和中小企业的官方数据将不容易。融资难问题已经成为中小企业在中国主要担心的问题，已出现了对该国政府强烈的政策问题。在中国，一方面国家有较少的信息公开由于我国作为一个发展中国家，另一方面，由于严格的监管制度下，一部分限制的数据容易获得。因此，本研究将探讨结构与中国中小企业融资的访问。本研究将出来的结果是中小企业的融资份额是小和合并的银行，在全国的份额呈正相关；与中小企业的融资份额进一步是否是在国大外资银行的份额正相关。这将有助于中国的政策制定者在中国的融资政策和结构改革。
欧洲一直被认为是灿烂的美丽和宁静的土地。来自世界各地的游客来瑞士雪山，英国皇家遗产，文化遗产的法国、意大利等十五个欧盟成员国是世界旅游的最大贡献者。约，百分之80的游客来自欧盟国家来自欧洲（梅洛等）。然而，在过去的几年里，欧盟旅游总体需求一直在衰落。旅游业在欧盟已经显示出在每年的增长下降，下降的次数和晚上的所有类别的酒店。人们开始寻找更便宜的住宿选择喜欢的客人或熬夜亲戚或朋友。国内唯一的假日旅行显示百分之0.3略有上升相比，在2009年（旅游统计，2011）。今年下半年的2010是国外旅行需求相对较好的改进。在经济衰退时，人们首选的休息位置，因此国内国内旅游的增长速度。然而，2010起，游客已经开始喜欢国际旅行了。另一个因素，导致了旅游服务需求的下降是附加费的航空公司被起诉，因为石油价格上涨。欧洲联盟被认为是比其他的目的地更安全，因为政治稳定与和平和更好的治理。总体而言，欧盟的旅游业正在复苏但低膨胀率。业内专家预计，在不久的将来，一个良好的业务。旅游业与酒店业互联。如果旅游业将与变化的经济情况并对酒店服务的需求会自动增加效益。
