论文抄袭：澳大利亚移民政策分析
本文旨在解决中国人移民澳大利亚的原因和后果（社会，政治和经济）。此外，它还将了解移民的不同阶段及其对每个阶段的影响。此外，联合会在此期间制定的政策也将得到强调，因为这些政策影响了澳大利亚和中国的人民。最后，文章还将比较这一移民的结果，并试图评估其对未来发展的影响。
在加入联邦之前，移民政策是中国大规模移民的理由。由于定居者大量涌入澳大利亚殖民地，澳大利亚在政治，经济和人口方面都发生了转变（Zhang，2000）。在接下来的20年中，大约5万名中国人移民到澳大利亚，以寻找更多的机会和繁荣。
澳大利亚的大多数中国人也与其他地区的人一起进入采矿业，并且它被称为历史上的淘金热时代。后来，从中国到澳大利亚，这种移民形成了一种趋势，使工人和劳动力进入这一领域（Market和Raymond，1996）。但是，由于新南威尔士州等殖民地的人口激增，包括新南威尔士州和维多利亚州在内的州政府受到了限制。直到19世纪70年代早期，这些限制才生效。
This essay aims to address the causes and the consequences (social, political and economic) of the immigration of Chinese to Australia. Moreover, it would also understand the different phases of immigration and the effect it had on each of the stages. In addition, the policies formulated by the Federation during this period would also be highlighted, as these impacted the people of both Australia and China. Finally, the essay would also compare the results of this immigration and will try to evaluate its implications on the future development.
Prior to Federation, immigration policy was the grounds of mass immigration from China. Australia was transformed politically, economically and demographically because of the huge influx of settlers to the Australian colonies (Zhang, 2000). About 50,000 Chinese people over the span of next 20 years immigrated to Australia so as to look out for more opportunities and prosperity.
Most of the Chinese in Australia managed to get into mining together with people from other areas as well, and it was known as the Gold Rush Era in history. Later, from China to Australia this immigration formed a trend, which rendered workers and labors to this area (Market and Raymond, 1996). But, there were restrictions by the state government including New South Wales and Victoria due to the boom of population in the colony like New South Wales. It was until the early 1870s that these restrictions were in force.
The immigration from Asia was restricted by the White Australian Policy of 1901 for many years. Immigrants from China suffered due to this and were also forced out from Australia.
论文抄袭：澳大利亚移民政策分析
多年来，来自亚洲的移民受到1901年白人澳大利亚政策的限制。来自中国的移民因此受到伤害，并被迫离开澳大利亚。
由于亚洲移民的涌入，中国人和当地人之间存在紧张关系。在1854年至1861年期间，由于对中国人的仇恨，发起了严重的中国排斥暴力。在此期间，移民被视为一个非常普遍的问题。澳大利亚联邦在澳大利亚工党的支持下制定了1901年“移民限制法”，以限制除欧洲以外的移民局。政府随后将白澳政策纳入监管;这意味着澳大利亚只适合白皮肤的人，而其他有色种族的人则被排除在外。从那时起，所有亚洲人都被禁止移民到澳大利亚，其中包括印度人和中国人。
出于多种原因，澳大利亚的白人政策得以确立。主要原因是它旨在保护英国集团。接下来，出于经济原因，中国人因生活问题被迫在澳大利亚定居。中国移民的动机不是变成廉价劳动力，而是在澳大利亚寻找机会和财富。由于可用的利益有限，这导致了比赛之间的紧张关系。此外，工业和商店由中国人经营，这给当地人带来了特定就业和市场份额的巨大压力。因此，可以得出结论，白澳政策的主要原因是经济问题。
最后，复杂的政治背景和特殊的景观被视为此事件的另一个原因。尽管澳大利亚位于亚太地区，但受到欧洲文化的影响很大;这是由于殖民化。因此，当地政府面临一种不安全感，并认为生活在亚洲的所有人口都是对澳大利亚的直接威胁（Oiao和Niu，2009）。在不同的时期，印度人，日本人和中国人在澳大利亚被视为入侵者，特别是在第二次世界大战时期。由于这个原因，澳大利亚对整个亚洲都非常警觉和敌视;因此，澳大利亚白人政策在澳大利亚继续实施了几十年。在此期间，中国人很少移民到澳大利亚。
第二次世界大战结束后，政策的废除缓解了几个种族之间的关系，从而使中国和澳大利亚受益。随着第二次世界大战期间日本的入侵，澳大利亚人感到害怕。但是，政府需要大量劳动才能在战争萧条中生存下来，这导致印度人大量移民到澳大利亚。战争结束后，中国人开始移民到澳大利亚（Andrews，1985）。 1966年，霍尔特自由党政府推出了一项新的移民法案，根据该法案为移民制定了新的标准。澳大利亚政府制定了同化政策，以维护其种族和文化同质的理想社会。遵循传统的澳大利亚语言和文化，对非英语移民的要求旨在迫使他们成为当地人。因此，社会团体和政府可以管理自己的价值观。婚姻和教育被用来接触一个国家的校长。
There was a tension amongst the Chinese and the locals due to the influx of Asian immigration. During 1854-1861, a serious Chinese exclusion violent force was launched due to the hatred for Chinese. During this period, immigration was regarded as a very common issue. Australian Federation with the support of the Australian Labor Party established Immigration restriction Act 1901 so as to confine the immigration excluding Europe. The government then made the White Australian Policy into a regulation; this meant that Australia was only for white-skinned people and people from other colored races were to be excluded. All Asians from then on were forbidden from immigrating to Australia which included Indians and Chinese.
It was for many reasons that the white Australian policy was established. The primary reason was that it was aimed to protect the Great Britain Group. Next, Chinese for economic reasons were forced to settle in Australia due to issues of living. The motive of Chinese immigration was not to turn into cheap labors but was to look out for opportunities and fortune in Australia. Because of the limited benefits available, this resulted in tension amongst the races. In addition, industries and shops were operated by the Chinese which resulted in great pressure on the locals for specific employment and market share. Hence, it could be concluded that the main reason for the White Australia policy was the economic issues.
Lastly, the complex political background and the special landscape were regarded as an added reason for this event. Australia was highly influenced by the European culture even though it was located in the Asia-Pacific region; this is due to the colonization. Thus, the local government faced a sense of insecurity and believed that the entire population living in Asia was a direct threat to Australia (Oiao and Niu, 2009). In different time periods, Indians, Japanese and Chinese were regarded as invaders in Australia, specifically at the time of World War II. As a result of THIS, Australia was quite alert and hostile to the entire Asia; because of this, the White Australian Policy continued to be practiced in Australia for decades. Chinese rarely immigrated to Australia during this period.
After the World War II, the abolition of the policy eased the relationship amongst several races, which resulted in benefiting China as well as Australia. With the invasion of Japan during the World War II, the Australians were scared. But, the government required a large number of labors so as to survive from the depression of war, which led to a huge immigration of Indians to Australia. It was after the war that Chinese started to immigrate to Australia (Andrews, 1985). The Holt Liberal government in the year 1966 introduced a new Migration Act under which new standards were set for the immigrants. The Australian government established the policy of assimilation to maintain its racial and cultural homogenous ideal society. Following the traditional Australian language and culture, the requirement for the non-English immigrants was aimed to force them to be local. Due to this, the social communities as well as the government could administer their values. Marriages and education was used to reach the principal of a single nation.
